ScienceThe science of the human body, perception, learning, and behavior.
261 articlesKnuckles are joints, not bones. Specifically, each knuckle is a synovial joint — a gap where two bone ends meet inside a fluid-filled capsule — and in the fingers these are called metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints.
Let's find outGrapes are a low-to-moderate potassium fruit, not a high-potassium one.
Let's find outHot flashes are not a recognized early sign of pregnancy. The typical early-pregnancy heat sensation is a mild, sustained rise in basal body temperature of roughly 0.5 to 1.0 degrees Fahrenheit, driven by progesterone and lasting past the…
Let's find outAmoxicillin is a broad-spectrum aminopenicillin antibiotic that kills bacteria by binding penicillin-binding proteins and blocking cell-wall construction, at standard adult doses of 500 mg every 8 hours or 875 mg every 12 hours.
Let's find outNo. Intrusive thoughts are not a sign of schizophrenia on their own — they are near-universal, with roughly 94% of adults reporting at least one unwanted intrusive thought in a given year, while schizophrenia affects about 0.3% of people…
Let's find outYes, dogwood berries are mildly poisonous to humans and pets, but the real risk depends on which dogwood species you are dealing with.
Let's find outAre baths good for a fever? A lukewarm bath can help a feverish person feel more comfortable, but it does not lower the body's internal core temperature and the evidence base for "fever baths" is weak.
Let's find outAmorphous sediment in urine refers to shapeless, granular material—mostly amorphous urates, phosphates, or drug precipitates—that forms when urine is concentrated or its pH shifts, and it is almost always harmless and clinically…
Let's find outFor most adults, pills are the better default for vitamins, because they deliver more accurate doses, allow more nutrients per serving, and cost far less per dose; gummies win only when swallowing difficulty or adherence is the real…
Let's find outBabies do not breathe air in the womb. The fetus receives all its oxygen through the placenta, which transfers oxygen from maternal blood across a membrane roughly 0.002 millimeters thick into fetal circulation.
Let's find outMost antidepressants raise serotonin or norepinephrine; only three drug classes reliably increase dopamine signaling in humans.
Let's find outYes, amino acids are good for you—they are the molecular building blocks your body uses to make proteins, enzymes, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and nine of the twenty standard amino acids must come from food because your body cannot…
Let's find outAmitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant sometimes prescribed off-label for cats, most often at 0.5 to 2 mg per pound (1 to 4 mg/kg) given once or twice daily by mouth.
Let's find outAnorectal health issues in the elderly are common, underreported, and largely mechanical: aging weakens the pelvic floor, thins the anal sphincter, slows colonic transit, and adds medications that harden or loosen stool.
Let's find outAntifungal resistance in Candida glabrata and Candida krusei is primarily intrinsic or rapidly acquired resistance to fluconazole, driven by efflux pump overexpression and target-site mutations, and it is the main reason these two species…
Let's find outNo, CBD and delta-8 THC are not the same thing. CBD is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid that does not activate the CB1 receptor enough to produce a high, while delta-8 THC is a mildly intoxicating psychoactive cannabinoid that does.
Let's find outFor most healthy adults, daily supplements are not necessary and, in several well-documented cases, cause harm.
Let's find outCar seat inserts are safe only when they ship with the seat from the manufacturer and are used exactly as the manual directs.
Let's find outNeuroscience is the study of how the nervous system produces behavior, thought, and emotion, and it rests on one core principle: neurons compute by converting chemical and electrical signals into decisions.
Let's find outAre intense emotions bad? Not in themselves, and the framing hides the variable that actually matters. Harm tracks duration, recovery, and frequency far more than amplitude.
Let's find outApalutamide and enzalutamide are both oral androgen receptor signaling inhibitors used in prostate cancer, and neither is universally superior.
Let's find outAltitude sickness in kids is the body's reaction to low oxygen at high elevation, and it can begin in children as young as infants within 1 to 12 hours of ascent.
Let's find outAdult circumcision in the United States typically costs USD 1,500 to USD 4,500 when performed in a hospital operating room under general anesthesia, while an office-based procedure under local anesthesia usually runs USD 300 to USD 1,200.
Let's find outAm I going insane? In the overwhelming majority of cases, no. The sensation of "losing your mind" is usually a false alarm fired by an anxious nervous system, not a sign of emerging psychosis.
Let's find outAmmonia symptoms are the neurological and gastrointestinal signs caused by excess ammonia (NH₃) in the blood, which is measured as blood ammonia nitrogen and becomes clinically significant above roughly 50 μmol/L in adults.
Let's find outAcid reflux is the backward flow of stomach contents past the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the one-way valve at the junction of esophagus and stomach. When that reflux produces burning behind the breastbone, it is called heartburn.
Let's find outAmbien (zolpidem) side effects range from next-day drowsiness and dizziness to sleepwalking, sleep-driving, and complex sleep behaviors that can occur with no memory of them.
Let's find outAllograft and autograft ACL reconstructions differ mainly in graft source, healing biology, and failure risk.
Let's find outAlka-Seltzer can settle mild nausea caused by acid indigestion or an upset stomach, but it is not an anti-nausea drug and will not stop vomiting from infection, migraine, pregnancy, or motion sickness.
Let's find outAlcohol-free mouthwash is an antiseptic or cosmetic rinse that freshens breath and reduces plaque bacteria without ethanol as a solvent or carrier.
Let's find outAlirocumab and evolocumab are both fully human monoclonal antibodies that lower LDL cholesterol by 50 to 60 percent, but they are not interchangeable in every practical sense.
Let's find outAcetyl L-carnitine reviews conclude that this supplement is a plausible but modest cognitive aid, not a miracle nootropic.
Let's find outAdenomyosis surgery removes or destroys endometrial-like tissue that has grown into the muscular wall of the uterus.
Let's find outAn abnormal blood collection diagnosis means a specimen failed pre-analytical quality criteria, not that you have a disease.
Let's find outMuscle ATP regeneration works through three pathways that switch on by intensity and duration: the phosphagen system restores ATP within about 1 to 10 seconds using creatine phosphate, glycolysis contributes from roughly 10 seconds to 2…
Let's find outAbsolute neutrophil count (ANC) is the actual number of neutrophil white blood cells circulating in a microliter of blood, calculated by multiplying your total white blood cell count by the combined percentage of segmented and band…
Let's find outPrimary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) because it mechanically restores full coronary blood flow in 90 to 95 percent of treated arteries, compared with…
Let's find outThe AST/ALT ratio is calculated by dividing your aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level by your alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level, both measured in the same units (U/L).
Let's find outAcromegaly surgery, usually transsphenoidal adenoma removal, produces measurable change within 24 hours: growth hormone (GH) falls sharply the night after resection, and roughly 60 to 85 percent of patients with microadenomas achieve…
Let's find outAcetaminophen is not a blood thinner. It does not prevent clots, does not change your INR, and is not an anticoagulant or antiplatelet drug.
Let's find outThe APOE E4 allele is a common variant of the APOE gene that raises Alzheimer's disease risk and shifts cholesterol handling.
Let's find outAcupuncture for pain works, on average, modestly better than no treatment or usual care, with the strongest evidence in chronic low back pain, osteoarthritis of the knee, and migraine prophylaxis.
Let's find outThe AMDR for fat is 20% to 35% of total daily calories for adults, according to the Institute of Medicine's 2005 Dietary Reference Intakes (now maintained by the National Academies). For children ages 4 to 18, the range is 25% to 35%.
Let's find outSix supplements with meaningful evidence for lowering cholesterol are plant stanols and sterols, soluble fiber (psyllium), niacin, omega-3 fatty acids, red yeast rice, and berberine.
Let's find outThe three types of cataracts are nuclear sclerotic, cortical, and posterior subcapsular, classified by which layer of the lens clouding begins in. Nuclear cataract forms in the dense center and slowly yellows the lens over years.
Let's find outA1C ranges sort results into four practical zones: normal below 5.7 percent, prediabetes from 5.7 to 6.4 percent, diabetes at 6.5 percent or higher, and a treatment goal usually below 7 percent for people already diagnosed.
Let's find outA diagnostic map of the brain's vascular territories divides the brain into regions supplied by specific arteries, so that a blocked or bleeding vessel can be matched to a predictable set of symptoms and a visible pattern on imaging.
Let's find outWhen a 3-year-old covers their ears, it is most often an involuntary sensory response rather than deliberate defiance.
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